Apparatus for spinning, twisting, and winding yarn



P 1952 J. a. GANNON ETAL 2,611,229

APPARATUS FOR SPINNING, TWISTING. AND WINDING YARN Filed March 11, 1949 2 SHEETS-SHEET l INVENTORJ JOHNJ.GANNON y CHARLES P POWELL ATTORN EY FIG. I

ep J. J. GANNON ETAL 2,611,229

APPARATUS FOR SPINNING, TWISTING, AND WINDING YARN Filed March 11, 1949 2' SHEETS-SHEET 2,

85 JNVENTORS JOHN J. GANNON CHARLES POWELL 21/ 962 @jiw FIG.3

WFIG. I0

ATTORNEY Patented Sept. 23, 1952 APPARATUS FOR SPINNING, TWISTING,

AND WINDING YARN a v JohnJ. Gannon, Troy, and Charles P. rtwen,"

Waterford, N. Y., assignors to Cluett, Peabody & Co. 1110., Troy, N; Y.,a corporation of New York Application March 11, 1949, Serial Ne, 89, 9

' 7 Claims. (01.37 58) This invention relates to an improved appa: ratus for spinning, twisting and winding a yarn, roving or bundle of textile fibers to form a package, and the twisting and'winding may be included selectively in the same or a different handling operation' as the drawing of staple fibers. Forconvenience, the term yarn as used herein isv intended to include not only textile yarns but also r'ovings, slivers; or any bundles of textile fibers, threads or filaments.

An: object of the invention is to improveand simplify apparatus for twisting and winding yarns on abobbin to form a package; which en-- ables. the winding efficiently of either large or small packages; with which the yarn may be wound witha desired degree of tautness; and with which the winding may take place -for'relatively long periods'witha minimumpi attention from anoperatorL. V

Another object of the invention is to provide an. improved apparatus 'forimparting approximately a two for one twist to the yarn in a-rapid, continuous operation, and in the same operation and handling also wind the twisted yarn on a bobbin to form a package; withwhich breakage of the yarn will be a .minimum; which will handle the yarn at least as rapidly as by previous methods and apparatus for twisting and winding; with which the yarn may be wound on a bobbin in helical form with superposedv layers, with squared ends or relatively's'harp corners at the top and'bottom of the package; and whichcentrifugal forces on the yarn'and thus minimize I the tension required on the thread passing through the delivery rolls, with resulting minimum danger ofundue stretching and breaking of thyarn. v

- Anotherobject ofthe invention is to improve the winding mechanism which delivers the yarn to the package; and cause delivery of the yarn to the package evenly and squarely at the top and bottom of the package.

Other objects and advantages will be apparent from the,.following description of one embodt; ment of the invention, and the novel features thereof .will be particularly pointed out hereinafterin the appended claims. e In the accompanyingdrawings: i e Fig,,1 its 'side elevation partly in section and partly'schematic, of apparatus constructed in accordance with this invention, and useful in practicing the method;

Fig. 2 is a top planfof the winding unit;

, Fig. 3 is a sectional elevation of the winding unit; with the 's'ection'taken approximately along the line 33'of Fig.2; 1 I

Fig. 4 is a partiaftop'plan,partly,in section. of the guide-and follower, the section being taken approximately along} the line 4 -4 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is a sectional elevation'ot a' part. of the lower endof theapparatus shown in Fig. 1 showing the pulley a 'pos i t ive drive 2 for I the apparatus; Fig. 6 is a parti "1 sectiori and planofcertain details, the' section. being taken approximately along the une '6'-B'.ofFig. l; i e Fig. 7 is an -elevation of a portion ofthe permanent magnets which hold" thebobbinffrom rotation;

. Fig. 8 is a partial top plan, partly in section, of a slightly modified construction of follower and a finger, the section being taken transversely through thebobbin and spindle intermediate of theends of the bobbin; v

Fig. 9 is a'fplan of a. modification somewhat like Fig. 2 but illustrating a modification of certain details which may be part of the modificato formayarn and deliver this to-therollers I Another'object of the invention is to provide may be used. l;

Disposed immediately below and aligned with feeding rollers 'l, whichfmay be the delivery rollers of a drawingfdevice, is the improved twisting and winding device. This device designated-generally at is mounted va. bearingfhg iising '3 that is carried" on any suitable support or plat- The bearing housing 3 carries vertically spaced and aligned radial and end thrust ball bearings 4 and 5, Figs. 1 and 5, which rotatably support a spindle 6. A look nut 1, Fig. 5, is threaded on the spindle 6 against the ball bearing 5 and a washer '8 is preferably interposed between the bearing 5 and the lock nut A grooved pulley 9 is fixed upon the lower end of the spindle 6 and is driven by a belt (not shown) so that the spindle will be continuously rotated. Any suitable means may be used to positively drive this pulley.

Immediately above the bearing 3, Fig.1, the- 4 and the flange 32 from the outer periphery to the center bore of the body and to a. depth to clear the diameter of the worm gear 49. The gear 48 meshes with a worm screw 50 which is fixedly secured to the upper end of shaft 5|. This shaft 5| fits snugly into an enlarged opening in the upper part of the passage H in the spindle 6, so that they rotate together as a unit. Within the bore of the body 3| are two radial ball bearspindle 6 is provided with a shoulder orexternal peripheral flange In on which rests a circular flier The flier is provided with a passage l2 which extends through the body of the flier from the outer periphery to the center bore of this flier. The top of the flier H is slotted in step like fashion as indicated'at I3. to receive a tube 'l'4'whose elbow |'5 extends into'an opening |5 cut into the spindle 6. Thepassage in the tube 4fopens into a passage |Tof similarsize in the spindle. This passage 'll'with which the spindle 6 is provided, extendsfrom'the upper free end of thespindle to the opening f6 'inthe lower part of thegspindle; A" circular ring. l8 which telescopes-over the spindle 5. keeps thetu'be M in place, and screws '(notshown) fasten the ring I8 fsupp'ort-forfthe: upper permanent magnet to be later herein described. Against the top face of bearing, I9 is a washer. 24 secured by a lock -nut 25-which'confines bearings |9' and 20 and spacer 26 to the'spindleB. Above the'shoulder 21 of the sleeve 2|, the sleeve is slightly upwardly tapered 'andconvergent as at 28', whichserves to receive and support-a removable bobbin 29 on which the yarn is to be wound.

Rotatably mounted on the upper end of the spindle 6' is a tens'ion'and winding unit generally desig'natedat '50, Figs. '1, 2 and 3. The upper end of the body 3|,Fi'g. "3, is provided with a head or flange 32 and this flange has'a flat spot -33 against whichthe lower part'of .the'tension spring 541s placed 'and'securely "fastened by a screw 35. The spring 34 has the form somewhat like a distorted L above the top surfaceof. the 'body 3|. Angle 38' is lower than point "31, and just beyond the angle 35, the spring is adjusted for tension'by ascrew 38 which 'passes'through a hole in'the spring and is threaded into 'a recess at the top of the body 3|. At the upper end of the spring, atth'e'point 31, there isfastened a" U shaped-'bra'cl{et 40, -thewingsoi which ex.- tend downward. The lower edge of each wing is notched to fit over a pin 4| on which is mounted a'rubber roll 42. Washers 43jon pin 4| 'at'opposite sidesoftheroll'separateithe rubber roll from the sides ofthe wingsof the bracket. 7

Immediately below the roll 42 and rotatably mountedon the pin is a commercialtypeworm gear-49 with'a hub' 45-which contacts the rubber roll-42. The-flange 32,fFig.'2. is notched somewhatequidistantly from the horizontal center line and on the periphery of 'the flange to provide flat faces and 41 that facilitate insertion of pin 44. An opening 48 is cut into the body3l 'another worm screw 55.

ings 52 and 53 which are vertically aligned and rotatably mounted on the shaft 5| with a spacer 54 between them. Somewhat below worm screw 50 and fixedly secured on the same shaft 5| is Worm screw 55 meshes with worm gear 56, Fig. 1, which is secured to rotatable shaft 51.

Fixedly secured to the lower periphery of the body 3| is a ring 58 to which is fixed a cage-like structure generally designated at 59. To this ring 58 are fixed four shaped wires 60, 50a, 60b, and 500, which form the cage. Two rings 6| and G2 are fixed at the top and bottom of these wires, tocreate a more rigid structure. The tension and winding unit 30 and the cage 59 form'a single rotatable unit. A bracket 63 is rigidly secured atone end to the lower part of the ring 58 and this'bracket rotatably mounts the shaft '51. The opposite end of the shaft 51 rotatably mounts a miter gear 64, which meshes with another mitergear -65. Miter gear 65 is rotatably fixed to the upper end of the reversing helical cam spindle 66. Cam spindle 66 is rotatably held by two bearings 61 and B8 which-are fixed to the upper ringfil and lower ring 62. A follower 69 is movably mounted on the return spindle 65. This follower is restrained from rotation about the reversing helical cam spindle 56 by a guide wire 10 which has one end fixed to one side of the guide, benta-round the cage-wire 50b, and the other end of the guide wire 10 fixed to the opposite side of the follower 69. Fixed to the guide wire-'Hlis aneye Around the periphery of the flange 32, Fig. 2, is a ring 12 which is held equidistantly about the periphery of the flange by three supporters 13a. 13b, and 130 about 90 apart and carried on the flange 32. This'ring '12 prevents the yarn from being-entangled in the tension and winding unit.

The bobbin 2'9 is mounted'onthe sleeve 2| and the rovings which have been passed through the ir'awing rolls and combined into a single yarn -14 is passed downwardly to the rotating 'flier l I, then into and along the passage l2, through the elbow 15 and upward through thepassage I! 'in the spindle 5; then through a passage in the tensionand'winding unit where it .comes out of the opening 15, Fig. 2, of the worm screw 50 at the upperi'e'nd of-the shaft'5l. The yarn 14, is deflected sidewise by a guide wire'lfi, Fig. 6, depending from 'spring34. guide wire is bent ina U shape about the edge of the. tension spring 34,:and then verticallyto a position somewhat-in line withthe verticalcenter. line of the rubber roll 42 and somewhat away from the periphery-of the roll. The yarn thus deflected away from the worm gear 49, enters between and is propelled linearly'by therubberroll 42 and the hub 45 of the worm'49. The roll is rotated on the pin 7 tension unit, it .passes through an eye 18, Fig. 2, on the upper ring 6| of the cage 59, then downwardly to and through the eye 1| of the follower 69' and guide 10. The horizontalcenter line of winding'unit 30, Fig. 2, is offset from the center lines of the shaped wires 60 and 66b,thereby forming an anglewiththe center line of said shaped wires so that as the yarn 'l4'leave'sthe rolls 42 and45, the yarn travels in a straight line to the 'eye 78, thendownwardly toand. through the eye 1|, and after'passing through theeye II, it is connected to the bobbin. i

The bobbin 29.is removably mounted on the sleeve 2| and is not rotatably. driven by the spindle while the latter is rotating. The sleeve 2| wouldbe free to rotate on the spindle axis, except that its rotation'is.restrictedby the mag-. netic attraction between the two permanent mag! netsi'l6. and 11 which are arranged in superposed relation along the sleeve 2 |,,but with the flier-J between them to carry yarnf|4 into the lower. endrof the spindle passagei'l. The per-, manent magnets 16 and 11, as magnetized, have theirpole's on the faces nearest each other, con-v se'quently, the magnets exerta strong magnetic pull on each other across the gap in which the flier moves. 1 .Each magnet is an endless ringof magnetized material and has on its face toward the other magnet a circular row of an even number of spaced pole projections 16, Fig. 7. The poles of each row are alternately of opposite polarity,-t he north poles of one row being opposite, across the gap, from the south poles. With this arrangement there is a magnetic flux across the air gaps between these aligned pole projections of opposite polarity, and this magneticfiux prevents the sleeve on which the bobbin is mounted from turning with the spindle andthe sleevewhich mounts the flier. If the bobbin should be turned slightly on the sleeve, it will again be stopped as soon as the pole projections of opposing polarity of the two magnets again become aligned across the r apr In the operation of this twisting and winding mechanism, the yarn passes from the feed rolls ldownwardly to and through the flier, then upwardly through they spindle, then between the roll 42 and hub 45.. Hub 45 and roll 42 serve to pull the yarn upwardlythrough the spindle and feed it to the eye 18 on the cage 59-and then downwardly to the eye 1| fixed to the guide 10. .Worm screw 55, Fig. 3, meshes with the worm gear 56 and when the spindle 6 is in motion, the worm wheel 56 rotates the shaft 51 which in turn rotates miter gear 64 which is meshed with gear 65. The reversing helical cam spindle 66 is fixed to the miter gear 65, and when this gear 65 'rotates, the reversing helical cam spindle also ro-.

tates.

' vWhen'the rotating reversing helical cani spindle 66 is rotating about its own axis, the rotating action of this spindle causes the follower 69 to travel alternately up and down the spindle in a uniform traversing motion. Since the guide wire carries the eye II, the yarn is delivered to the bobbin in even helical layers as the cage'59 carrying the spindle revolves about the stationary bobbin. Follower 69 is prevented from completely turning around the reversing helical cam spindle by' the restricting guide 10 upon which it slides. The length of spindle 66 determines the over-all height of the package, since the follower, as it traverses the length of the spindle, reaches either the upper or lower end of the cam path, rapidly reversesat "a definite point, delivering the yarn at that. point and thus assures the desired squared ends of thepackage. i

.The-; friction in the bearings 52 and 53 which mount the head3| on'the member 5| providea yielding torque tending to: cause the'head; 3| to follow in rotation; the rotation .of .member- 51;. There is also some friction between. the;teeth1 of the .worm screw.- 50- and .the worm wheel 4.9,. the screw :55 and the. worm wheel 56, the friction of the bearingsafor thereturn spindle 66 and'shaft 5.1.. and between. the teeth of .mitergeafs 64; and 65, r all of which supplement the. frictional drag on thehead 3| that'tends to drag the head 3| .;i n rotation with the. member 5|. Ihe screws 50 and 55 are rotating. at the same. speed asthe spindle and since thehead; is lagging ,behind, the worm wheel 49 .willbe driven at a rate of speedproportional tothe difierence in speed between the member 5| and the head 3L; If the head 3ls-was rotating at the-same speed as the spindle, there wouldbe no rotation of thegear 49; The rotation of thewormwheel 49 causes corresponding rotation of the hub 45 and since the yarn is pass;- ing between this hub and the friction roller .45, the yarn will be pulled upwardly through. the spindle and delivered to the winding'arm, The peripheral speed of the hub 45 should be equal to or greater than that of the feed rolls I, after allowance has been made for contraction of the yarn-due totwist imparted thereto, in order that the yarn be taken away. by'the hub 45 at. least as fast; as it is delivered at rolls The twist var dtn the yarn i r t ti -abei tit h b% binalso assists in keeping the yarn taut because of the contractions of the yarn due tothetwist ing. Hub v45 rotates at a speedwhich should jd liver the yarn to the winding cage atfth'e rate t which it is delivered by theroiisi, but should the ,hub tend to deliver the yarn faster; due to speed, variation, the yarn can slip slightly on the hub 45 and nobreakage of the yarn' will occur.

In a modification of this invention and referring first'to Fig- 8, the follower 69 carries a finger .19, the tip of which is bent to form an eye 80. To a flat ring 8| of the cage 59 'is'fixed a small plate 82 which actsas a bearing for the lower end of the reversing helical cam spindle 66 and also holds the lower end of the wiretllb in place. The plate. 82 is set at an angle for the most effective position of the reversing helical cam spindle and the guide. Intermediate of the ends of "the wire 601) there is fixed a' yarn guideeye83.

A further modification replacesfin the upper ring 6| of thecage 59 with a circular plate-'84, Fig. 9. To this plate is secured a bracket 85 in which are rotatably mounted two shafts 66 and 81. Secured on and rotating with the shaft 8.! is a collar'68, a worm gear 89, with ahub, which corresponds to the wormgear 49, and a miter gear 96. V the shaft 86, which is at right angles to shait 81, and meshing with miter gear-90, is a mating miter gear 9|. Secured on and rotating with the. shaft 86 is a collar 92 and a miter gear93. Miter gear 93 meshes: withmiter gear'65 A slightly modified tension spring '94, Fig.

which corresponds to tension spring 34, is se; cured to the circular plate 84 by a set screw (not shown). The tension spring 94 is adjusted by a screw 95. Plate 64, Fig. 10, is provided with a Secured on and rotating with riphery of the plate-84, 1=iIg.v 9, somewhat in line with the center line of the roll 42, is an opening which acts asa yarn guide. lathe-operation of this modiflcationof the winding and twistin g inechanism, the yarn -14 passes rrom the feed rolls l downwardly, balloonmg about the cage, 59; to and-throughithe flier, then upwardly through'thespindle where .the yarn passes between the-roll 42 and'thehub of worm-gear 89. The hub otthe wormgear Y89 and ftheroll 42; serve to pull the yarn upwardly through the spindle and feed itto and through the eyeta and then downwardly to and through the-eye 83 and thenc'e towar'ds the bobbin and through the eye soon the finger '19. I

Worm screw-50 meshes-with-worm g "'r 89 which causes the shaft'lilto rotate and subsequ'enily the rotation of the miter gear 90 which is meshed'wi-th a similar gear 91. Since miter gear Si is fixed to the shaft afi, as is miter gear 83, both gears revolve and as gear '83 is meshed with gear 65th:: result is the rotationoi this gear 65. The reversing helical car'n spindlefifi has fixed'to its upper end the inite'r gear 93 and as that rotates, the reversing helical'cam spindle also rotates causing the follower 69 to travel upand down'the spindle in ainiform traversing motion. 'The yarn I4 is delivered through the eye 88 of the finger '19 to the bobbin in even helical layers as the" cage '{Q carrying th'e'spind'le rotates about the stationary bobbin. The length of the reversing helical cam spindleliiii determines the over all height of the package since the follower 69, as it traverses the length of the spindle, reaches either the upper or lower end of the cam path, rapidlyreverses at a' definite point, delivering theyarn at that point and thus assures the desirable squared ends of the package.

Itwill be understood that various changes in the details, materials, and arrangements of parts which have been herein conceivedand illustrated in order to explain thenature of the invention, may be made by' those skilled in the, art within the principle and scope of the invention as expressedin the appended claims.

We claim; l.-In a winding and twisting apparatus, a tubular bobbin carrier, a rotatable element .passing throngh said carrier and on which :said carrier r-is rotatably mounted, said element having an axial passage extending downwardly from its upper end and a radially extending passage opening into the lower end'of said axially extending passage,; a member rotatably mounted wound thereon, a thread descending past the skirt; inwardly "along the radial passage, up-

wardlythrough said axial passage and then to the thread-guide, means for holding the-carrier from rotation with said element, and a driving connection from said element to said screw by which relative movement between the member and element causes rotation-of said cam screw.

2. In a winding and twisting apparatus, a tubular bobbin carrier, rotatable element passing. through said carrier. and on which said carrier is rotatably mounted, said ,elementhaving anaxial passage .extending downwardly from its upper end and a radially extending p ssage opening. intolthe. lower :end of said axially extend-w ingl passage, a .member.rotatably mounted, on the upperend of saidelement above said carrier andhaving a depending skirt telescoping over and spaced from the carrier, a reversing cam screw rotatably carried by said skirt and having itsaxis otroltation generally lengthwise of but at one side of the carrier, a cam follower sliding and rotatably mounted on said screw and havinga tongue engaging .with the screw to cause the-follower to move back and .forth endwise along the screw, said skirt and follower having cooperating sliding engagement that confines the follower against rotation with the screw asit moves therealong, a thread guide carried by said-iollower, and guiding to a bobbin on said carrier to be wound thereon, a threaddescending past the skirt, inwardly along theradial passage, upwardly through said axial passage and then to the thread guide, means for holding the carrier from rotation with said element, and

a-driving connection from said element to said screw by" which relative movement between the member and element causes rotation of said cam screw.

3. a-winding and twisting apparatus, a tubular-bobbin carrier, rotatable element passing through said carrier and on which said carrier is rotatably mounted, said element having an axial passage extending downwardly from its upper-end and a radially extending passage opening into the lower end of said axially extending passage/a memberrotatably mounted on the upper end of'saidelement above said carrier and having a depending skirt telescoping over and spaced from the carrier, a reversing cam screw rotatably carried by said skirt and having its axis of rotation generally lengthwise of but at one side of the carrier, a cam follower engaging the screw and propelledfby it endwise back and forth, a threadguide carried by said follower, and guiding to a bobbinon said carrier to be wound thereon, a thread descending 'past the skirt, inwardly along the radial passage, upwardly through said "axial passage and then to the thread guide, means for holding the carrier from rotation'with said element, and a driving connectionffron said element to said screw by which relative movement between the member and elementcauses rotation of sai'dcam screw.

,4. In a winding and 'twistingapparatus, a tubular bobbin carrier, rotatable element passing through said carrier and on which saidcarrier is rotatably mounted, said element having an axial passage. extending downwardly from its upper end and a radially extending passage opening into theilower end-of said axially extending passage, a .meniber rotatably mounted on the vupper end of said .element above said carrier and havingadepending skirt telescoping over and spaced from xthe-carrier,=a "reversing cam screw rotatably carried by said-skirt and having its axis of rotation generally lengthwise of but at one side of ithe carrier, a 'cam follower slidingly androtatably mounted on said screw and propelled'by it (back and forth endwise of the screw, '2. thread guide "carried :bysaid'follower, and guiding tora bobbin on :said carrier to be wound thereon, a thread descending 'p'astzthe skirt, inwardly'along the radial passage, .upwardlythrough saidaxial passage and then :toithethread guide,'means for holding the carrier from rotation with said element, and a driving connection from said element to said screw by which relative movement between the member and element causes rota-' tion of said cam screw.

5. In a winding apparatus, a spindle, means mounting said spindle for rotation, a bobbin carrier telescoping over said spindle and relatively stationary, a member rotatably mounted on an end of said spindle and having an extension alongside of but spaced from said carrier, a reversing screw cam rotatably carried by said extension, a cam follower propelled back and forth along said cam by its engagement with the cam, a yarn guide connected to and moving with said follower, a worm screw on said end of said spindle, a worm wheel on said member and meshing with said worm screw. a driving connection on said member from said worm wheel to said screw cam whereby relative rotation of said spindle and member will cause operation of said screw cam, means for holding said carrier from rotation, and a yarn guide carried by said member, whereby when a yarn is passed continuously through said last named guide, then through the follower guide and to a bobbin on said carrier, said member will be frictionally driven from said spindle and will wind said yarn on said bobbin as rapidly as it is delivered thereto.

6. In a winding apparatus, a spindle, means mounting said spindle for rotation, a bobbin carrier telescoping over said spindle and relatively stationary, a member rotatably mounted on an end of said spindle and having an extension alongside of but spaced from said carrier, a reversing screw-cam rotatably carried by said extension, a cam follower propelled back and forth along said cam by its engagement with the cam, a yarn guide connected to and moving with said follower, a worm screw on said end of said spindle, a worm wheel on said member and meshing with said worm screw, a driving connection on said member from said worm wheel to said screw cam whereby relative rotation of said spindle and member will cause operation of said screw cam, means for holding said carrier from rotation, a pair of engaging feed rolls on said member adjacent said spindle end, means yieldingly pressing said rolls with peripheral rolling contact, one of said rolls being driven by said connection, and a yarn guide carried by said member adjacent said connection and one end of said screw cam, whereby when a yarn is fed continuously between said feed rolls then to said last mentioned yarn guide, then to said follower guide, and to a bobbin on said carrier, said member will be frictionally driven from said spindle and will wind the yarn on said bobbin at a rate dependent upon the relative movement between said spindle and member.

7. In a winding apparatus, a spindle, means mounting said spindle for rotation, a bobbin carrier telescoping over said spindle and relatively stationary, a member rotatably mounted on an end of said spindle and having an extension alongside of but spaced from said carrier, 2. reversing screw cam rotatably carried by said extension, a cam follower propelled back and forth along said cam by its engagment with the cam, an arm carried by said follower for travel therewith, extending generally tangentially to a bobbin mounted on said carrier, and having an eye on its free end, a worm screw on said end of said spindle, a worm wheel on said member and meshing with said worm screw, a driving connection on said member from said worm wheel to said screw cam, whereby relative movement between said spindle and member will cause operation of said screw cam, means holding said carrier from rotation, and a yarn guide carried by said member adjacent said connection and one end of said screw cam, whereby when a yarn is passed continuously through said guide, then said eye and is then connected to said bobbin, said member will be frictionally driven from said spindle and will 7 wind said yarn on said bobbin at a rate dependent upon the relative movement between said spindle and member.

JOHN J. GANNON. CHARLES P. POWELL.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 671,101 Bek Apr. 2, 1901 691,797 Norman Jan. 28, 1902 723,178 Norman Mar. 17, 1903 1,858,528 Somerville May 17, 1932 2,053,645 Weaver Sept. 8, 1936 2,410,674 Nelson Nov. 5, 1946 

